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Bacterial wilt of turfgrass
Bacterial wilt of turfgrass is the only known bacterial disease of turf. The causal agent is the Gram negative bacterium ''Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis''. The first case of bacterial wilt of turf was reported in a cultivar of creeping bentgrass known as Toronto or C-15, which is found throughout the midwestern United States. Until the causal agent was identified in 1984, the disease was referred to simply as C-15 decline. This disease is almost exclusively found on putting greens at golf courses where extensive mowing creates wounds in the grass which the pathogen uses in order to enter the host and cause disease.〔Dernoeden, Peter H. ''et al''. (January 2003) (Bacterial Wilt: An enigmatic annual bluegrass disease of putting greens ). ''Golf Course Magazine''.〕
== Hosts and symptoms ==
Creeping bentgrass (''Agrostis stolonifera'') and annual bluegrasses (''Poa annua'') are the makeup of most putting greens, as well as the preferred hosts of this pathogen. Specifically, Toronto (C-15), Seaside, and Nemisilla are the cultivars of creeping bentgrass most commonly affected.〔Latin, Rick and Martin, Bruce. ("Bacterial Decline on Creeping Bentgrass-North and South Perspectives" ). gcsaa.org〕 The bacteria enter the plant host and interfere with water and nutrient flow, causing the plant to look drought stressed and to take on a blueish-purple color. Additionally, symptoms of bacterial wilt of turf grass include yellow leaf spots, tan or brown spots, water soaked lesions, elongated yellow leaves and shriveling of aforementioned blue or dark green leaves.Since putting greens are not a pure stand of turf, some grass blades may be resistant to the bacterium and thus remain unharmed while the surrounding turf dies, rendering the putting surface inconsistent and unsightly, especially at high-end golf courses.〔(Bacterial Wilt — Xanthomonas translucens pv. poae ). Michigan State University.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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